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[SE08] Ecological footprint
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In 2019, Slovenia's ecological footprint amounted to 5.23 gha per inhabitant, which places our country below the European Union average (5.42 gha per inhabitant). Carbon footprint contributes 56% of the ecological footprint, so it should receive comparatively more attention. A significant share of the ecological footprint is also represented by forest products (23.1%). According to the categories of consumption, housing and personal transport contribute the most to the ecological footprint in Slovenia. Goods is the category with the least contribution to the ecological footprint. Although Slovenia has an above-average biocapacity for global conditions (2.44 gha per inhabitant), it is one of the countries with an ecological deficit and such a lifestyle would require the biocapacity of 3.37 planets.

Charts

Figure SE08-1: Structure of the ecological footprint and biocapacity, Slovenia, 1992-2019
Sources:

GFN, Slovenia, 2024 (19. 06. 2023)

Show data
Total[gha per person] Built-up Land[gha per person] Cropland[gha per person] Fishing Grounds[gha per person] Forest Products (consumption)/forest area (biocapacity)[gha per person] Grazing Land[gha per person] Carbon[gha per person] Biocapacity[gha per person]
1992 3984 0.08 0.63 0.20 0.34 0.21 1.82 2.45
1993 3986 0.09 0.73 0.36 0.18 0.21 2.19 2.49
1994 3988 0.12 0.79 0.24 0.48 0.25 2.39 2.59
1995 3990 0.12 0.75 0.41 0.58 0.21 2.80 2.59
1996 3992 0.12 0.71 0.49 0.65 0.18 3.04 2.57
1997 3994 0.13 0.75 0.39 0.25 0.15 2.99 2.58
1998 3996 0.15 0.78 0.44 0.52 0.17 2.76 2.62
1999 3998 0.14 0.80 0.41 0.54 0.21 3.14 2.59
2000 4000 0.14 0.72 0.47 0.62 0.27 3.21 2.60
2001 4002 0.11 0.73 0.47 0.62 0.15 3.23 2.57
2002 4004 0.14 0.77 0.71 0.59 0.15 3.36 2.66
2003 4006 0.09 0.70 0.82 0.75 0.14 3.21 2.52
2004 4008 0.13 0.81 1.10 0.61 0.18 3.70 2.61
2005 4010 0.13 0.77 0.76 0.56 0.20 3.69 2.60
2006 4012 0.11 0.74 0.69 0.75 0.20 3.74 2.54
2007 4014 0.09 0.78 1.10 0.65 0.22 4.02 2.53
2008 4016 0.08 0.80 1.60 0.59 0.26 3.96 2.58
2009 4018 0.07 0.72 1.10 0.59 0.27 3.13 2.55
2010 4020 0.07 0.74 1.30 0.52 0.25 3.46 2.59
2011 4022 0.07 0.79 0.34 0.57 0.25 3.21 2.58
2012 4024 0.06 0.70 0.05 0.61 0.22 3.06 2.52
2013 4026 0.06 0.63 0.05 0.67 0.22 2.95 2.44
2014 4028 0.07 0.76 0.05 0.87 0.22 2.66 2.54
2015 4030 0.07 0.76 0.05 0.91 0.24 2.92 2.53
2016 4032 0.07 0.76 0.05 1 0.23 2.84 2.51
2017 4034 0.06 0.73 0.06 0.95 0.23 3.15 2.44
2018 0 0.07 0.72 0.06 1.10 0.21 3.08 2.44
2019 4038 0.07 0.71 0.07 1.20 0.24 2.93 2.44
Figure SE08-2: Structure of the ecological footprint, by consumption and land cover, Slovenia, 2019
Sources:

GFN, Slovenia Consumption Land Use Matrix (CLUM) 2019, 2023 (28. 02. 2024)

Show data
Grazing Land[gha] Forest Products (consumption)/forest area (biocapacity) [gha] Built-up Land[gha] Cropland[gha] Fishing Grounds[gha] Carbon Footprint[gha]
Housing 0.01 0.65 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.65
Personal Transportation 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.90
Food 0.15 0.06 0.01 0.47 0.04 0.27
Services 0.03 0.15 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.61
Goods 0.05 0.25 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.50
Figure SE08-3: Ecological footprint and biocapacity, Slovenia, 1992-2019
Sources:

GFN, Slovenia, 2024 (28. 02. 2024)

Note:

EF - Ecological footprint, BC - Biocapacity

Show data
Ecological footprint -Total[gha] Built-up Land[gha] Cropland[gha] Fishing Grounds[gha] Forest Products[gha] Grazing Land[gha] Carbon[gha] Biocapacity - Total[gha] Built-up Land[gha] Cropland[gha] Fishing Grounds[gha] Forest Products[gha] Grazing Land[gha] Carbon[gha]
1992 6514505.01 164029.40 1247078.63 402207.08 667474.73 419043.69 3614671.48 4873366.66 164029.40 467731.72 10693.02 3925785.61 305126.91 0
1993 7505053.69 185123.78 1461407.41 714829.08 356862.86 426638.91 4360191.65 4950357.24 185123.78 509344.92 10667.29 3943424.38 301796.86 0
1994 8506452.39 235556.29 1580798.09 471607.04 952404.80 499306.74 4766779.42 5154926.34 235556.29 648091.05 10657.62 3964696.25 295925.13 0
1995 9687685.96 229277.04 1494626.55 818538.93 1150224.54 418292.65 5576726.24 5148511.16 229277.04 639158.63 10645.25 3982483.32 286946.91 0
1998 9560003.91 292465.03 1546785.28 868894.87 1038196.50 329987.73 5483674.50 5212059.14 292465.03 619860.58 10639.64 4023748.49 265345.39 0
1999 10419435.41 283120.04 1591321.04 819426.47 1079785.16 409770.41 6236012.28 5137843.81 283120.04 539533.53 10652.56 4029468.04 275069.64 0
2000 10752022.44 268588.61 1421409.50 926522.12 1236916.42 534520.29 6364065.50 5164661.43 268588.61 557598.98 10664.68 4038379.99 289429.17 0
2001 10518316.24 219257.00 1448312.88 927123.20 1234727.01 291183.00 6397713.16 5094678.42 219257.00 539383.44 10669.63 4040632.76 284735.60 0
2002 11349810.31 273457.48 1521085.69 1407897.41 1177215.48 296978.49 6673175.77 5271758.39 273457.48 638470.55 10678.75 4064172.43 284979.17 0
2003 11376953.43 188180.58 1393558.92 1631738.52 1495283.97 287392.07 6380799.36 5012119.53 188180.58 476158.90 10620.23 4058049.56 279110.24 0
2004 13048263.13 260196.47 1616524.01 2199000.71 1222017.78 354526.03 7395998.13 5205618.19 260196.47 630576.07 10602.17 4039367.77 264875.70 0
2005 12250142.06 251157.01 1541847.70 1529332.83 1120537.49 403211.57 7404055.47 5221963.47 251157.01 644221.32 10570.89 4037343.39 278670.86 0
2006 12529384.81 222776.64 1487889.81 1391351.08 1502285.61 397043.89 7528037.79 5107820.07 222776.64 565965.92 10548.83 4045841.18 262687.50 0
2007 13889675.59 186276.28 1585721.88 2223085.28 1307037.96 444739.93 8142814.25 5110879.26 186276.28 594208.07 10531.04 4047368.88 272495.00 0
2008 14760597.68 154393.61 1636149.80 3189112.24 1201140.99 519230.39 8060570.64 5253089.77 154393.61 699643.37 10331.26 4040286.43 348435.10 0
2009 12067357.60 149299.88 1474856.49 2284988.25 1199373.21 546321.26 6412518.51 5221525.31 149299.88 674265.63 10347.93 4034832.13 352779.75 0
2010 13027234.46 151124.48 1520437.87 2671552.46 1068693.89 505602.55 7109823.20 5335411.31 151124.48 788002.91 10310.78 4035997.83 349975.30 0
2011 10795203.79 152138.82 1631894.19 697105.88 1175516.77 508234.48 6630313.66 5332375.76 152138.82 800626.78 10314.12 4022750.37 346545.67 0
2012 9725971.39 132369.32 1438421.76 99782.30 1256593.27 460770.80 6338033.92 5221413.45 132369.32 748926.49 10276.79 3991442.17 338398.67 0
2013 9471016.16 118160.23 1301867.13 107166.38 1381930.95 448523.56 6113367.90 5061196.96 118160.23 609957.35 10329.34 3986747.45 336002.58 0
2014 9616535.03 152082.44 1581528.32 104608.54 1812275.61 450033.07 5516007.05 5279488.85 152082.44 795636.97 10439.41 3980349.73 340980.30 0
2015 10316195.13 155365.44 1581535.99 110996.78 1893596.30 503880.04 6070820.58 5266785.67 155365.44 786730.00 10593.18 3970663.48 343433.57 0
2016 10375035.76 146983.20 1591155.57 103010.46 2123304.77 477021.44 5933560.32 5237451.72 146983.20 774333.53 10609.44 3960081.21 345444.34 0
2017 10857839.49 132424.19 1524171.83 123122.02 1987177.48 491097.29 6599846.68 5123097.27 132424.19 687615.48 10735.42 3947934.50 344387.67 0
2018 11045677.61 142858.22 1509123.88 128967.50 2324251.72 450436.18 6490040.11 5143310.91 142858.22 710875.76 10840.82 3934207.69 344528.42 0
2019 11044693.86 144502.29 1508897.22 144918.70 2545939.73 504012.24 6196423.68 5157601.75 144502.29 729303.60 10881.91 3926369.00 346544.95 0
Figure SE08-4: Ecological footprint, EU-27, 2019
Sources:

GFN, 2023

Show data
Ecological footprint[gha per person]
Romania 3.33
Croatia 3.81
Bulgaria 3.89
Hungary 3.97
Spain 4.03
Portugal 4.18
Italy 4.20
Greece 4.30
Malta 4.36
Poland 4.53
Slovakia 4.55
Germany 4.72
France 4.85
Ireland 4.88
Finland 5.20
Slovenia 5.23
Sweden 5.55
Czech Republic 5.68
Austria 5.79
Lithuania 5.94
Netherlands 6.36
Latvia 7.03
Belgium 7.22
Denmark 7.30
Estonia 7.86
Luxembourg 12.26

Goals

- to protect the Earth's biocapacity in order to preserve the quality and diversity of life, while limiting the use of natural resources;

- to reduce the ecological deficit of the planet and consequently pressures on the environment;

- to prevent and reduce environmental pollution and to encourage sustainable production and consumption in order to decouple economic growth from pressures on the environment (transport, energy, construction, use of natural resources);

- to use resources more efficiently and to reduce the environmental intensity of consumption per capita;

- reduction of Slovenia's ecological footprint by 20% by 2030.

The ecological footprint follows the implementation of the sustainable development goals set in the United Nations Agenda 2030 and in the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2020 (Objective 6). Slovenia has defined sustainable goals for the environmental development in the Development Strategy of Slovenia 2030. The strategy sets a 20% reduction of the ecological footprint by 2030 - from 4.7 gha per capita in 2013 to 3.8 gha per capita in 2030. These objectives are also included in the Resolution on the National Environmental Protection Program for the period 2020-2030.

 

Methodology

Other sources and literature

  1. Baabou, W., Grunewald, N., Ouellet-Plamondon, C., Gressot, M., Galli, A., 2017. The Ecological Footprint of Mediterranean cities: Awareness creation and policy implications. Environmental Science & Policy, 69, str. 94­–104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.12.013
  2. Borucke, M., Moore, D., Cranston, G., Gracey, K., Iha, K., Larson, J., Lazarus, E., Morales, J. C., Wackernagel, M., Galli, A., 2013. Accounting for demand and supply of the biosphere's regenerative capacity: The National Footprint Accounts’ underlying methodology and framework. Ecological indicators, 24, str. 518–533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.08.005
  3. EEA. 2020. Ecological footprint of European countries. European Environment Agency.
  4. GFN, 2021. Country Trends. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  5. GFN. 2020. Data and Methodology. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  6. GFN. 2021. Analyze by Land Types, Slovenia. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  7. GFN. 2021. How the footprint works. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  8. GFN. 2021. NFA 2020 Edition. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  9. GFN. 2022. Slovenia Consumption Land Use Matrix (CLUM) 2018. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
  10. Konvencija o biološki raznovrstnosti. The Convention on Biological Diversity. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, including Aichi Biodiversity Targets. Aichi Biodiversity Targets. OZN, UNEP, 2000.
  11. Kovač, M. 2019. Ekološki odtis Slovenije in EU v obdobju 2000–2016. Ljubljana: Urad RS za makroekonomske analize in razvoj.
  12. Resolucija o Nacionalnem programu varstva okolja za obdobje 2020–2030 (ReNPVO20–30). 2020.
  13. Spremenimo svet: Agenda 2030 za trajnostni razvoj. OZN, 2015.
  14. Strategija razvoja Slovenije 2030. Ljubljana: Služba Vlade RS za razvoj in evropsko kohezijsko politiko, 2017.

Related indicators

Last modified
03.26.2024
Author(s)

Katja Vintar Mally, Nejc Bobovnik, Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana; Tomaž Gorenc, Institute for environment and health; Nataša Kovač, Erik Krečič Slovenian Environment Agency