KAZALCI OKOLJA

Key message
Neutral

In Slovenia, the majority of energy consumption in agriculture is gas oil used as a propellant for agricultural machinery (55.2 %), followed by energy for the production of mineral nitrogen fertilizers (38.0 %) and electric energy (4.5 %). Compared to the average of 28 European countries, in 2016 Slovenia has 9.5% more direct energy consumption per hectare of utilized agricultural area and 13.5 % less indirect energy use in agriculture.


In agriculture, energy use is expressed by direct use of gas oil and electric energy and by indirect use for the production of mineral fertilizers. The consumption of energy per hectare of utilised agricultural area is also presented and compared with other European countries.


Charts

Figure KM09-1: Structure of energy use in agriculture in 2021
Sources:

AIS, 2022; SORS, 2022

Show data
Gas oil[TJ/year] Electric energy[TJ/year] Nitrogenous fertilizers[TJ/year] Phosphate fertilizers[TJ/year] Gas oil[%] Electric energy[%] Nitrogenous fertilizers[%] Phosphate fertilizers[%]
Energy use 2461.08 198.57 1695.25 103.20 55.20 4.45 38.03 2.31
Figure KM09-2: Gas oil energy use in agriculture in the period 1992–2021
Sources:

AIS, 2022; SORS, 2022

Show data
Gas oil[TJ/year]
1992 2853.15
1993 2837.18
1994 2759.29
1995 2694.51
1996 2635.53
1997 2536.97
1998 2519.76
1999 2559.14
2000 2612.36
2001 2615.77
2002 2594.41
2003 2616.21
2004 2517.71
2005 2611.33
2006 2516.68
2007 2558.50
2008 2527.49
2009 2404.67
2010 2477.34
2011 2351.80
2012 2461.94
2013 2458.01
2014 2475.11
2015 2447.61
2016 2451.77
2017 2470.98
2018 2449.84
2019 2462.81
2020 2484.57
2021 2461.08
Figure KM09-3: Electricity consumption in agriculture in the period 2013–2021
Sources:

AIS, 2022; SORS, 2022

Show data
Electric energy[TJ/year]
2013 191.06
2014 199.35
2015 194.24
2016 191.16
2017 193.69
2018 193.30
2019 201.05
2020 218.68
2021 198.57
Figure KM09-4: Energy use for the production of the used nitrogenous and phosphate fertilizers in the period 1992–2021 (in GJ/ha of utilised agricultural area)
Sources:

AIS, 2022; SORS, 2022

Show data
Nitrogenous fertilizers[GJ/ha] Phosphate fertilizers[GJ/ha] Total[GJ/ha]
1992 4.07 0.39 4.47
1993 3.51 0.44 3.95
1994 3.67 0.50 4.17
1995 3.57 0.47 4.04
1996 3.55 0.47 4.01
1997 4.00 0.50 4.50
1998 4.12 0.54 4.67
1999 4.01 0.56 4.57
2000 3.90 0.51 4.41
2001 3.97 0.46 4.43
2002 3.85 0.44 4.28
2003 3.94 0.43 4.36
2004 3.59 0.42 4.01
2005 3.34 0.37 3.71
2006 3.60 0.37 3.97
2007 3.46 0.36 3.82
2008 2.96 0.34 3.30
2009 3.50 0.23 3.73
2010 3.31 0.29 3.60
2011 3.44 0.28 3.72
2012 3.19 0.26 3.45
2013 3.31 0.26 3.57
2014 3.45 0.27 3.72
2015 3.45 0.28 3.73
2016 3.30 0.27 3.57
2017 3.27 0.27 3.54
2018 3.33 0.27 3.60
2019 3.40 0.24 3.64
2020 3.33 0.25 3.57
2021 3.54 0.22 3.75
Figure KM09-5: Energy use in agriculture by European countries in 2016 (in GJ/ha of utilised agricultural area)
Sources:

Eurostat, 2019; calculations by AIS

Show data
Direct energy use[GJ/ha] Indirect energy use[GJ/ha]
EU–28 5.75 3.87
Belgium 23.79 6.75
Bulgaria 1.73 4.88
Czechia 7.76 6.94
Denmark 10.08 4.46
Germany 0 6.06
Estonia 5.35 2.18
Ireland 1.78 4.15
Greece 2.49 2.43
Spain 4.34 2.57
France 5.76 4.74
Croatia 5.52 2.74
Italy 8.81 2.93
Cyprus 16.20 4.49
Latvia 3.63 2.44
Lithuania 1.49 3.29
Luxembourg 9.26 6.17
Hungary 5.80 4.44
Malta 19.06 3.04
Netherlands 85.02 7.02
Austria 8.13 2.96
Poland 10.28 4.35
Portugal 4.07 1.77
Romania 1.52 1.66
Slovenia 6.29 3.34
Slovakia 3.30 3.97
Finland 13.75 3.66
Sweden 4.58 3.65
United Kingdom 2.71 3.65

Goals

  • Reduction of total greenhouse gas emissions by 36%, of which 20% in the non-ETS sector (which is 5 percentage points above Slovenia's accepted commitment);
  • at least a 35% improvement in energy efficiency, which is higher than the target adopted at the EU level (32.5%);
  • at least 27% of renewable energy sources, where due to relevant national circumstances, primarily environmental restrictions, Slovenia had to agree to a lower target than the target at EU level (32%) with an effort to increase the ambition in the next NEPN update (2023/ 2024),
  • 3% of investment in research and development, of which 1% is public funds.

In the period from 1992 to 2021 in Slovenia, the consumption of gas oil in agriculture was the highest in the year 1992. This year was taken as a base year. Looking at the last observed year, fuel consumption in 2021 was 13.7 % lower than in 1992.

Indirect energy consumption in agriculture was determined by the energy required for the production of mineral fertilizers. We obtained data for the period from 1992 to 2021. The highest total energy consumption was established for the base year 1992. Otherwise, from this year onwards, a downward trend can be observed. Thus, the indirect energy consumption for 2021 was down by 27.6 % compared to 1992. However, if we look at the consumption of indirect energy per hectare of utilised agricultural area, in 2021 the consumption of indirect energy was lower by 16.1% compared to the base year of 1992. Since we do not produce mineral fertilizers in Slovenia, this energy does not affect the national energy balance, but it does indirectly burden the environment with carbon dioxide.

The highest direct energy consumption in 2016 was in the Netherlands due to a large share of greenhouses, while the Slovenian consumption was 9.5% higher compared to the European average. In the case of indirect energy consumption in agriculture, in Slovenia it was 13.5% lower compared to the European average of 28 countries.


Methodology

Date of data source summarization