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[ZD16] Dioxins in human milk
Impacts

Key message
Neutral

In Slovenia the concentration of dioxins in human milk is low and comparable to those in the neighboring countries. Long-term surveillance will be possible once regular national human biomonitoring is established and assured.

Charts

Figure ZD16-1: Sum of TEQ of PCDD/F and dioxin like PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) in human milk in Slovenia from 2009 - 2010.
Sources:

Horvat M., Mazej D., Snoj Tratnik J., Osredkar J., Krsnik M., Lapajne S., Harlander D., Miljavec B., Kobal A.B., 2010.

Show data
sampling site - rural sampling site - urban sampling site - contaminated with PCBs - mean value 95 percentile
TEQ pg/g fat 3.7 6.8 7.6 6.1 8.6
Figure ZD16-2: Dioxins in human milk in other European countries from 1988 - 2007.
Sources:

ENHIS, 2009

Show data
Netherlands Germany Finland Norway Croatia Hungary Czech Republic Slovakia Spain Ukraine
1988 pg/g fat 39.4 37.3 24.6 19.2 13.2 10.6
1993 pg/g fat 26.2 19.4 19.3 13.1 12.6 9.5 16.7 15.8 26.1 13.8
2002 pg/g fat 18.3 11.8 9.4 7.3 6.4 6.8 7.8 9.1 11.9 10.1
2007 pg/g fat 4.9 8.3 6.5
Figure ZD16-3: Concentration of persistent organic pollutants in human milk in Sweden from 1972 -
Sources:

ENHIS, 2009

Show data
1972 1974 1976 1978 1979 1980 1984 1988 1990 1991
DDE µg/g fat 2.5 1.8 1.5 1.27 1.13 1.055 0.5 0.48 0.369 0.255
DDT µg/g fat 0.69 0.47 0.34 0.27 0.21 0.185 0.061 0.047 0.042 0.036
PCBs µg/g fat 1.09 0.81 0.91 0.88 0.79 0.78 0.6 0.65 0.51 0.41
HCB µg/g fat 0.13 0.22 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.125 0.037 0.04 0.033 0.027
PCN ng/g fat 3.08 1.73 1.23 0.89 0.71 0.5
PBDEs ng/g fat 0.07 0.28 0.48 0.72 1.21
Total TEQs (PCDD/PCDF/PCB) Index (1972=100) 100 77 52 39 44 42 32
1992 1994 1996 1997 2007
DDE µg/g fat 0.227 0.199 0.164 0.129 0.004
DDT µg/g fat 0.022 0.012 0.014 0.014 0.07
PCBs µg/g fat 0.38 0.416 0.367 0.324 0.085
HCB µg/g fat 0.031 0.015 0.014 0.012
PCN ng/g fat 0.48
PBDEs ng/g fat 2.15 3.11 4.01 3
Total TEQs (PCDD/PCDF/PCB) Index (1972=100) 40 28 12.8

Goals

Methodology

Literature:

ENHIS, 2009. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Human Milk. 2009, World Health Organization, Europe.

Horvat M., Mazej D., Snoj Tratnik J., Osredkar J., Krsnik M., Lapajne S., Harlander D., Miljavec B., Kobal A.B.(2010). Monitoring kemikalij v organizmih 2007 – 2009. Zaključno poročilo. Inštitut Jožef Stefan, Ljubljana.

Last modified
06.06.2013
Author(s)

Lucija Perharič, National Institute of Public Health