KAZALCI OKOLJA

Key message
Neutral

Annual growing season length is increasing almost everywhere in Europe, mostly in Eastern and Northern part. In Slovenia, the length of the annual growing season is increasing, especially since mid-1990s. According to projections, duration of the annual growing season throughout Europe will increase in future. This will affect the expansion of more thermally demanding plants to areas towards the north of Europe, where the cultivation of such plants has not been possible so far, and in the southern part of Europe where changed thermal conditions will allow the growing season to extend towards the winter season. In all parts of Central and South-Eastern Europe, dry and hot summers will hamper crop production.

 


The length of the annual growing season is the period between the day when the average daily air temperature in spring exceeds 5°C and the day when it drops below this value in autumn.

An air temperature of 5°C is generally recognised to be the lowest temperature threshold for plant vegetation. The 5°C temperature threshold is also used as one of the conditions for the classification of agro-ecological zones. In the context of climate change, it enables assessing the impact of changing climate on the development of plants and their environment. This indicator also serves as a tool in preparing for adaptation to new conditions, thus minimising the potential negative impacts of climate change.


Charts

Figure PP06-1: Average length of annual growing age within individual places, Slovenia, reference periods 1961-1990 and 1991-2020
Sources:

Meteorological data archive, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2021 (25. 02. 2021)

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1961-1990 [number of days] 1991-2020 [number of days]
Ljubljana 243 260
Novo mesto 238 253
Bilje 278 284
Slap pri Vipavi 276 290
Murska Sobota 237 247
Maribor 243 253
Rateče 187 203
Figure PP06-2: Changes of length of annual growing age in Ljubljana, 1961-2020
Sources:

Meteorological data archive, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2021 (25. 02. 2021)

Show data
growing season[number of days] 5-y running average[number of days]
1961 279
1962 227
1963 249 250.80
1964 256 240.20
1965 243 248.40
1966 226 247.20
1967 268 243
1968 243 241.20
1969 235 245.40
1970 234 245.80
1971 247 240.40
1972 270 238.60
1973 216 244.80
1974 226 243.20
1975 265 244.80
1976 239 252.60
1977 278 256.60
1978 255 248
1979 246 249.40
1980 222 238.20
1981 246 234.60
1982 222 232.40
1983 237 230
1984 235 229.40
1985 210 229.80
1986 243 228
1987 224 231.40
1988 228 241.40
1989 252 240.20
1990 260 252.20
1991 237 251
1992 284 255.60
1993 222 249.80
1994 275 251.60
1995 231 244.60
1996 246 246.20
1997 249 243.40
1998 230 254
1999 261 254
2000 284 260.20
2001 246 261.60
2002 280 263.20
2003 237 256.20
2004 269 261.60
2005 249 258.80
2006 273 259.20
2007 266 262.40
2008 239 263.20
2009 285 258
2010 253 260
2011 247 259
2012 276 264
2013 235 267
2014 310 268
2015 265 268
2016 256 258
2017 272 263
2018 236 269
2019 285
2020 294
Figure PP06-3: Timeline of change for the length, beginning and end of growing season in Ljubljana over the 21st century
Sources:

Climate change atlas, 2021 (25. 02. 2021)

Note:

The timeline of change is shown for temperature threshold 5 °C for two scenarios relative to the reference period 1981-2010. Bold coloured curves show smoothed model median and lighter colours show model spread. Under RCP4.5 the growing season length will increase by approximately 25 days and under RCP8.5 by approximately 60 days. 

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Figure PP06-4: Change of length of annual growing age of crops, Europe, 1985-2014
Sources:

EEA, Growing season for agricultural crops (CLIM 030), 2014 (25. 02. 2021)

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Goals

• To estimate the effect of climate change on the growing season length
• To prepare adaptation measures in the agriculture sector

Annual growing season lenght is an important measure in the field of the climate change adaptation. The first package of the EU Climate Change Adaptation Strategy was presented in 2013. The main objectives of the strategy are to provide a database for better decision-making and to promote adaptation in most vulnerable sectors. 


Methodology

Date of data source summarization

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