Incidence of foodborne diseases

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2025

2024

SLEDI NAM

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Foodborne infections or intestinal infectious diseases (IID) remain a significant public health concern in Slovenia and globally. The incidence of foodborne infections or IID in Slovenia, as in other countries, is estimated based on reported cases of intestinal infectious diseases.

In 2024, the incidence of IID or foodborne infections increased by 28% compared to 2023, with viral intestinal infections being the most common. Among bacterial pathogens, Campylobacter, Clostridioides difficile, Salmonella, and pathogenic E. coli are predominant. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that one in ten people worldwide becomes ill from foodborne infections each year, representing a significant public health burden.

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Figure ZD21-1: Incidence of the most commonly reported gastrointestinal communicable diseases (GCD), Slovenia, 2020–2024

Sources:

National Institute of Public Health (NIJZ) (23.9.2025)

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	All notified GCD[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]	Clostridioides difficile[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]	Salmonellosis[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]	Rotaviruses[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]	Campylobacteriosis[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]	Noroviruses[No.of reported cases/100.000 inh.]
2020	172.60	25.30	8.40	9.90	45.10	39.30
2021	192.50	29	7.70	11.30	51.50	47.80
2022	322.70	27.80	19.70	64.20	54	86.70
2023	300.90	33.60	12.40	38.60	51.30	76.60
2024	384.10	41.60	20.70	56.60	47.30	113.50

Figure ZD21-2: The ten most common hospitalizations because of gastrointestinal communicable diseases (GCD), Slovenia, 2024

Sources:

National Institute of Public Health (NIJZ) (23.9.2025)

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	No of cases/100.000 residents[No. of aplications]	No. of aplications[No. of aplications]
Y. enterocolitica	0.90	19
Cryptosporidium	1.20	26
Adenoviruses	2.70	57
Other GCD with known pathogen (A04.8, A08.3, A08.5)	3.20	67
Salmonella, typhus	8.70	185
E. coli	9.60	204
Campylobacter	13.70	292
Noroviruses	21.80	464
Clostridioides difficile	25.30	537
Rotaviruses	32.30	686
All reported GCD	122.30	2601

Figure ZD21-3: Salmonellosis cases per 100.000, EU-27, 2019-2023

Sources:

ECDC (https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx) (24.9.2025)

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	2019[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2020[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2021[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2022[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2023[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]
Portugal	4.20	2.54	3.51	3.98	5.09
Greece	6	3.55	2.66	6.12	8.99
Romania	7.12	2.11	2.70	5.30	7.28
Ireland	7.08	4.31	3.46	6.72	7.63
Cyprus	7.08	7.88	4.58	7.30	6.95
Bulgaria	8.49	2.69	3.48	4.53	8
Croatia	32.09	19.37	14.69	27.11	32.98
France	27.78	21.88	28.68	16.45	17.38
Estonia	11.32	6.85	8.42	10.06	12.30
Slovenia	17.40	10.21	8.77	18.22	14.03
Austria	21.06	9.18	11.12	13.28	14.05
Latvia	22.81	15.52	11.51	4.80	5.36
Poland	22.05	13.68	20.37	16.08	25.02
Malta	26.54	34.20	48.25	38.20	31.18
Denmark	19.27	10.54	11.85	15.29	20.33
Luxembourg	21.34	14.85	20.95	24.95	25.27
Germany	16.26	10.42	9.79	10.89	12.56
Sweden	19.45	7.99	8.99	10.79	12.47
Finland	21.29	9.34	8.57	12	14.43
Lithuania	26.34	15	10.05	8.34	12.04
Hungary	45.56	30.34	33.89	33.53	46
Slovakia	91.59	62.06	81.30	67.51	73.66
Czechia	122.15	98.37	92.45	71.91	69.10
Belgium	22.06	13.84	18.04	24.05	20.44
Italy	5.39	4.55	6.36	5.59	5.65
Spain	0	0	17.83	25.51	31.61
Iceland	14.01	8.79	14.37	11.16	14.18
Netherlands	10.82	6.24	7.71	9.12	12.77
Norway	20.49	8.22	7.22	13.12	13.79
Liechtenstein			17.92	12.72	20.16

Figure ZD21-4: Campylobacteriosis cases per 100.000, EU-27, 2019-2023

Sources:

ECDC (https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx) (24.9.2025)

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	2019[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2020[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2021[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2022[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]	2023[No. of cases/100.000 inh.]
Portugal	8.63	7.67	9.45	8.38	10.05
Greece	3.41	2.03	2.43	2.89	6.10
Romania	4.15	1.55	1.81	2.76	5.45
Ireland	56.60	48.73	62.86	71.48	70.87
Cyprus	2.40	2.03	2.68	9.06	11.51
Bulgaria	3.27	1.83	1.88	1.65	3.44
Croatia	42.24	25.97	28.44	37.98	34.23
France	57.40	58.82	65.59	66.92	67.88
Estonia	26.19	19.94	13.91	15.84	19.77
Slovenia	52.14	38.70	40.59	44.51	47
Austria	74.19	60.73	67.38	70.10	68.88
Latvia	6.93	5.45	8.35	9.17	9.35
Poland	1.88	1.09	1.63	1.43	2.29
Malta	56.33	40.03	73.24	71.41	89.47
Denmark	93.04	64.27	64.04	87.56	87.60
Luxembourg	44.14	116.43	92.80	141.31	129.39
Germany	73.81	55.76	57.62	52.23	47.48
Sweden	65.42	33.26	39.11	49.41	53.95
Finland	79.41	37.54	32.49	44.37	46.50
Lithuania	43.70	24.48	12.77	17.71	22.50
Hungary	65.49	45.66	52.29	52.12	57.17
Slovakia	141.09	90.16	111.71	87.90	104.35
Czechia	214.97	163.80	152.36	137.04	125.22
Belgium	64.05	49.41	43.99	48.61	47.66
Spain	0	0	59.96	60.12	74.92
Iceland	38.10	26.09	15.73	27.64	39.97
Netherlands	34.07	25.25	24.07	42.26	40.99
Norway	77.96	45.12	38.01	54.93	55.27
Liechtenstein			97.30	127.20	120.98

Comment

Methodology

Other sources and literature

Grilc E, Gale I, Veršič A, Žagar T, Sočan M. Drinking Water Quality and the Geospatial Distribution of Notified Gastro-Intestinal Infections / Kvaliteta Pitne Vode in Geoprostorska Porazdelitev Prijavljenih Črevesnih Okužb. Pridobljeno s spletne strani 20.7.2015: http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/sjph.2015.54.issue-3/sjph-2015-0028/sjph-2015-0028.xml?rskey=I5xvY7&result=1.
Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje - NIJZ (2020–2023). Letna poročila epidemiološkega spremljanja nalezljivih bolezni v Sloveniji 2020–2023. Ljubljana, NIJZ.