KAZALCI OKOLJA

Key message
Bad

Compensations are provided in cases where endangered species cause damage to private property. It is mainly caused by large beasts harming sheep and goats. The number of loss events did not increase significantly between 2005 and 2007, but then rose by over 30% in 2008. The total sum of compensations awarded more than doubled in this period.


The indicator reflects the damage incurred in a given time period, and the number of loss events where compensation for damage was awarded from the national budget of the Republic of Slovenia. Compensation is granted where endangered species cause damage to private property. The indicator also reports on the implementation of preventive measures to avoid further damage caused by large beasts.

Success rate is measured in decrease in the number of loss events, as defined in ReNVPO.


Charts

Figure NB07-1: Škoda, ki so jo povzročile zavarovane vrste živali leta 2009
Sources:

Analiza odškodninskih zahtevkov za škodo, ki so jo povzročile živali zavarovanih prostoživečih živalskih vrst, Agencija RS za okolje, 2010; ODSEV, Agencija RS za okolje, 2010.

Figure NB07-2: Number of registered loss events
Sources:

Analysis of compensation claims for damage caused by protected wild animal species, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009; ODSEV, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009.

Show data
January February March April May June July August September October
2005 number 7 7 22 42 58 93 117 223 245 169
2006 number 26 31 49 55 94 106 93 149 210 144
2007 number 30 40 59 86 121 82 123 182 191 130
2008 number 50 58 41 99 107 118 163 218 295 204
2009 number 37 33 52 62 76 72 110 127 158 109
2010 number 27 49 64 69 122 108 115 165 268 214
November December
2005 number 70 29
2006 number 75 36
2007 number 82 58
2008 number 111 73
2009 number 79 38
2010 number 105 30
Figure NB07-3: Number of registered loss events by protected animal species
Sources:

Analysis of compensation claims for damage caused by protected wild animal species, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009; ODSEV, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009.

Show data
brown bear wolf lynx ferret raven other
2005 number 817 61 28 28 102 25
2006 number 589 165 16 23 185 19
2007 number 294 354 7 17 282 144
2008 number 579 396 17 38 361 57
2009 number 353 410 16 44 32 42
2010 number 568 535 7 41 27 60
Figure NB07-4: Allocation of financial compensation granted to cover damage per protected species causing the damage
Sources:

Analysis of compensation claims for damage caused by protected wild animal species, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009; ODSEV, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2009.

Show data
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
brown bear EUR 194865.6 145159.8 81866.4 170678.5 154314.3 252496.6
wolf EUR 30050.3 87841.6 203336 280580.2 271870.3 333485.4
lynx EUR 6501.3 3280.8 1161.5 3712.2 3856.3 1263.7
ferret EUR 4268 5031 4750 14680.6 20888.5 9956
raven EUR 15075.3 39380.8 52639.9 67172.2 13745.7 12377.6
other EUR 9313.6 8099.8 11732.7 42918.5 15501.9 29063.5
total EUR 260074 288793.8 355486.4 580076.9 480177 638642.9
brown bear % 74.9 50.3 23 29.4 32.1 39.5
wolf % 11.6 30.4 57.2 48.4 56.6 52.2
lynx % 2.5 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.2
ferret % 1.6 1.7 1.3 2.5 4.4 1.6
raven % 5.8 13.6 14.8 11.6 2.9 1.9
other % 3.6 2.8 3.3 7.4 3.2 4.6
Figure NB07-5: Number of loss events per activity
Sources:

Analysis of compensation claims for damage caused by protected wild animal species, Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, 2009; ODSEV, Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, 2009.

Show data
goats and sheep fruit cultivation forage production (bales) agriculture poultry beekeeping other
2005 number of incidents 353 139 120 225 32 79 113
2006 number of incidents 526 138 86 76 25 73 73
2007 number of incidents 726 67 59 34 25 13 174
2008 number of incidents 824 165 106 162 55 48 201
2009 number of incidents 517 100 81 70 50 16 111
2010 number of incidents 708 171 148 41 49 46 125
Figure NB07-6: Allocation of financial compensation for damage caused by protected species per activity
Sources:

Analysis of compensation claims for damage caused by protected wild animal species, Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, 2009; ODSEV, Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, 2009.

Show data
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
goats and sheep EUR 104732.7 171839.9 279044.3 347837.6 331633 454851
fruit cultivation EUR 18804.4 20813.5 13260.4 46712.5 25718 38309
forage production (bales) EUR 20277.8 17298.9 9491.4 18263.5 15277 15868
agriculture EUR 27698.6 10736.2 5099.3 20647.3 15265 20670
poultry EUR 4297.4 5121.3 5221.9 15017.6 20997 10989
beekeeping EUR 43352.8 34406.7 7908 32411.2 11397 37461
other EUR 40910.2 28577.8 35461.2 98852.2 59889 60495
total EUR 260074 288794.3 355486.4 579741.9 480177 638643
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goats and sheep % (EUR) 40.3 59.5 78.5 60 69.1 71.2
fruit cultivation % (EUR) 7.2 7.2 3.7 8 5.4 6
forage production (bales) % (EUR) 7.8 6 2.7 3.1 3.2 2.5
agriculture % (EUR) 10.7 3.7 1.4 3.6 3.2 3.2
poultry % (EUR) 1.7 1.8 1.5 2.6 4.4 1.7
beekeeping % (EUR) 16.7 11.9 2.2 5.6 2.4 5.9
other % (EUR) 15.7 9.9 10 17 12.5 9.5
Figure NB07-7: Number of applications to public tender for implementation of preventive measures to avoid further damage and other measures for protecting private property
Sources:

Final report Public Tender, Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, 2009.

Show data
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
applications number 37 73 130 91 137 144

Goals

- further development of the system for damage prevention and timely payment of compensation for damage caused by protected animal species;
- elaboration of measures for protection of the estate and prevention of further damage.


Compensation for damage caused by protected wild animals is based on Articles 92 and 93 of the Nature Conservation Act and on the Wild Game and Hunting Act. The amount of compensation is determined in a scale, which is subject to annual revision and approval by the Minister, and compensation is paid based on claims for compensation by individuals incurring damage. Material facts are examined by officials in charge of damage assessment under the auspices of Slovenian Forest Service. If the applicant does not agree with the compensation awarded, he can apply for a higher compensation if he submits appropriate documentation to justify his claim.

Most damage to private property by protected wild animals was reported between June and October. Rejected claims for compensation were also accounted for where the animal causing damage was clearly identified. Claims for compensation were rejected where the relevant legal requirements were not met (e.g. when the property was not adequately insured).

Large beasts (brown bear, lynx, wolf) caused damage in 85% of all cases where damages were awarded in 2005. The number was down to 77% in 2006, 59% in 2007 and 68% in 2008. The brown bear population alone was responsible for 77% of all loss events in 2005, 59% in 2006, 27% in 2007 and 40% in 2008. The wolves, in turn, caused damage in less than 6% of events in 2005, a bit over 16% in 2006, in over 32% in 2007 and in more than 27% of loss events in 2008. In the past 3 years, the number of loss events due to ravens has risen by 15%.

78 to 88% of all funds earmarked for compensation for damage was paid to cover loss events caused by large beasts.

Damage to sheep and goats was done in 33% of loss events in 2005, with the number of occurrences rising sharply in 2007 (to 66%), and then falling to 53% in 2008. The number of loss events in arable farming is down by 11% in the past 3 years.

In 2007, nearly 80% of all funds were earmarked for compensation for damage to sheep and goats, whereas the share of funds awarded for such loss events was 40% in 2005 and 60% in 2008. In the past 3 years, loss incurred by beekeepers has decreased by 10%.

Co-funding of preventive measures is based on public tenders for the purchase of electric fence controllers to prevent wild beasts from causing further damage. Public tenders are carried out pursuant to the Rules on the appropriate manner of protecting property and the types of measures for preventing further damage to property.


Methodology

Data for Slovenia

Objectives summarized by: Resolution on National Environmental Action Plan 2005-2012 (ReNVPO), Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, 2/06
Source database or source: ODSEV – Register of claims for compensation for damage
Data administrator: Slovenian Environment Agency, Nature Conservation Section, Petra Ulamec
Data acquisition date for this indicator: 30 October 2009
Methodology and frequency of data collection for the indicator: The person suffering damage files a claim with Slovenian Forest Service, authorised officials carry out a land inspection, fill out a report and propose a settlement pursuant to the scale. If the claimant does not agree with the sum offered, a claim can be filed with the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia to demand higher compensation.
Data processing methodology: The Environmental Agency rules on whether the claim and the compensation awarded are justified, and keeps a register of claims for compensation for damage (ODSEV application). The Agency publishes annual reports on the Analysis of claims for compensation for damage caused by protected wild animals, and prepares the final report for the public tender.
Information concerning data quality:
- Advantages and disadvantages of the indicator: Official data is used as gathered in reports on loss events where damage was caused by protected animals.
- Relevance, accuracy, robustness, uncertainty: Data is accurate.
Reliability of the indicator (archive data): Data is reliable.
Uncertainty of the indicator (scenarios/projections): Not applicable to the indicator.
Overall assessment(1 = without comments, 3 = data with reservations)
Relevance: 1
Accuracy: 1
Completeness over time: 1
Completeness over space: 2

Other sources and literature:
- Ulamec, P. Nartnik I. 2006. Analiza odškodninskih zahtevkov za škodo, ki so jo povzročile živali zavarovanih prosto živečih živalskih vrst v letu 2005. Ljubljana, Agencija RS za okolje
- Ulamec, P. 2007. Analiza odškodninskih zahtevkov za škodo, ki so jo povzročile živali zavarovanih prosto živečih živalskih vrst v letu 2006. Ljubljana, Agencija RS za okolje
- Ulamec, P. 2008. Analiza odškodninskih zahtevkov za škodo, ki so jo povzročile živali zavarovanih prosto živečih živalskih vrst v letu 2007. Ljubljana, Agencija RS za okolje
- Zaključno poročilo Javni razpis, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, Agencija RS za okolje, 2009. Skrbnik: Petra Ulamec


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