Foodborne disease remain an important public health challenge and they are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
During 2009 – 2014 Slovenia reported 389 different outbreaks. The largest group represents the outbreaks with contact transmission (210) where the most common etiologic agent was norovirus, followed by the foodborne disease outbreaks (38). In 2014 the all foodborne disease outbreaks were caused by Salmonella Enteritidis. The outbreaks occurred in the restaurants, in primary school in home setting, the participants of the trip.
All outbreaks of foodborne disease except one, fall into the category, were the strenght of evidence for epidemiological and microbiological evidence was weak. The epidemiological evidence (descriptive and analytical) and microbiological evidence (an indistinguishable causative agent is identified in an outbreak cases and from a foodstuff of a type eaten by a case) was weak.
Only in one outbreak the epidemiological and microbiological category of evidence was strong. Comparison of Salmonella isolates with PFGE method and MLVA in humans and isolates from poultry flocks, which was owned by the catering facility where the outbreak occurred, showed the same pulsotype and identical type of MLVA.
Due to the increased number of foodborne disease outbreaks in 2014 caused by salmonella, the human isolates from six foodborne disease outbreaks were analysed by MLVA method. The human isolates originated from 5 of 6 outbreaks had the same MLVA type. The results supported the probability that food vehicles in 5 of 6 outbreaks were from the same origin, but the foodstuffs were not implicated.
NIJZ, 2009-2014
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canteen or workplace catering | No.of reported outbreaks | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Restaurant, Hotel | No.of reported outbreaks | 3 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 |
Household | No.of reported outbreaks | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Hospital/retirement home/medical care facility/kindergarten/school/other | No.of reported outbreaks | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
Total | No.of reported outbreaks | 5 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 8 |
EU summary report on zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks 2010-2013; EFSA Journal
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | No.of reported outbreaks | 351 | 193 | 232 | 122 | 133 |
Belgium | No.of reported outbreaks | 105 | 105 | 281 | 327 | 311 |
Bulgaria | No.of reported outbreaks | NP | NP | 13 | 2 | NP |
Croatia | No.of reported outbreaks | - | - | - | - | 60 |
Cyprus | No.of reported outbreaks | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
Czech Republic | No.of reported outbreaks | 25 | 25 | 4 | 23 | 19 |
Denmark | No.of reported outbreaks | 51 | 76 | 86 | 85 | 69 |
Estonia | No.of reported outbreaks | 23 | 32 | 13 | 17 | 14 |
Finland | No.of reported outbreaks | 54 | 43 | 52 | 45 | 43 |
France | No.of reported outbreaks | 1256 | 1039 | 1153 | 1279 | 1221 |
Germany | No.of reported outbreaks | 602 | 439 | 424 | 393 | 408 |
Greece | No.of reported outbreaks | 53 | 3 | 8 | 32 | 24 |
Hungary | No.of reported outbreaks | 59 | 299 | 174 | 115 | 119 |
Ireland | No.of reported outbreaks | 28 | 13 | 18 | 38 | 25 |
Italy | No.of reported outbreaks | 248 | 225 | 908 | 20 | NP |
Latvia | No.of reported outbreaks | 805 | 505 | 51 | 477 | 598 |
Lithuania | No.of reported outbreaks | 175 | 148 | 176 | 93 | 115 |
Luxembourg | No.of reported outbreaks | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
Malta | No.of reported outbreaks | 46 | 50 | 60 | 35 | 6 |
Netherlands | No.of reported outbreaks | 247 | 251 | 213 | 273 | 291 |
Poland | No.of reported outbreaks | 313 | 451 | 493 | 490 | 446 |
Portugal | No.of reported outbreaks | 11 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 18 |
Romania | No.of reported outbreaks | 54 | 29 | 6 | 10 | 20 |
Slovakia | No.of reported outbreaks | 303 | 487 | 534 | 731 | 458 |
Slovenia | No.of reported outbreaks | 5 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
Spain | No.of reported outbreaks | 416 | 482 | 424 | 447 | 424 |
Sweden | No.of reported outbreaks | 224 | 293 | 222 | 232 | 286 |
United Kingdom | No.of reported outbreaks | 96 | 67 | 87 | 60 | 84 |