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[ZR05] Air pollution by sulphur dioxide
State

Key message
Good

Concentrations of sulphur dioxide in ambient air do not represent a danger for human health in urban areas any longer. Also a critical annual value for the protection of vegetation is not exceeded any more. Improvement of the situation in last decade is a result of a use of high quality fuels in industry (better quality coal, oil, gas), operation of desulphurisation facilities in the thermal power plants (Šoštanj, Trbovlje), treatment plant in the cement factory
Lafarge (Trbovlje), and the use of cleaner fuels in individual heating systems.

Charts

Figure ZR05-1: No. of hours with exceeded 1-hour limit value of SO2 (350 μg/m3) in Slovenian cities (not to be exceeded more than 24 times calendar year)
Sources:

Air quality monitoring database (DMKZ), Slovenian Environment Agency; Air quality monitoring database of Thermal power plant Šoštanj, Trbovlje and TE-TO Ljubljana, Insitute Milan Vidmar, 2013.

Note to table ZR5-1: * measurements are canceled, np=no data

Show data
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Urban background number of hours 81 66 19 10 14 26 12 17 5 4
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of hours 80 51 13 16 32 39 14 14 0 0
Hrastnik number of hours 110 82 24 14 23 58 24 40 11 14
Velenje number of hours 38 27 16 0 2 3 6 13 6 0
Celje number of hours 94 104 22 11 0 4 4 0 1 1
Nova Gorica number of hours np np np np np np np np np np
Suburban background number of hours 229 178 72 28 22 45 40 31 28 8
Trbovlje number of hours 249 162 61 46 17 52 14 18 12 20
Škale number of hours np np np np np np 45 43 24 3
Rural background number of hours 18 10 13 25 22 68 19 23 16 13
Kum number of hours 18 10 13 25 22 68 19 23 16 13
Urban-traffic type number of hours 130 72 36 11 16 24 19 25 8 13
- Maribor center number of hours 41 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Suburban - industrial type number of hours 324 318 218 131 175 127 289 249 324 334
Šoštanj number of hours 324 318 218 131 175 127 289 249 324 334
Rural/Industrial type number of hours 219 209 205 129 118 242 211 203 141 108
- Zavodnje number of hours 252 196 233 54 90 158 152 152 96 18
- Kovk number of hours 205 315 448 260 151 486 262 323 218 159
- Vnajnarje number of hours np 13 5 7 11 11 10 9 0 1
Veliki Vrh number of hours 474 315 246 179 200 200 273 400 279 250
Graška Gora number of hours 232 248 293 80 64 107 102 131 120 17
Ravenska vas number of hours 87 50 61 149 122 390 399 178 131 125
Dobovec number of hours 64 323 152 177 187 340 277 227 146 189
Rural/Agricultural type number of hours np np np np np np np np np np
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of hours np np np np np np np np np np
permitted exceedance number of hours 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Urban background number of hours 9 2 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hrastnik number of hours 43 8 49 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
Velenje number of hours 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celje number of hours 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Gorica number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * *
Suburban background number of hours 11 11 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trbovlje number of hours 10 28 np 17 1 0 0 0 0 0
Škale number of hours 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rural background number of hours np np 6 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kum number of hours np np 6 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
Urban-traffic type number of hours 8 17 36 9 0 0 1 0 0 0
- Maribor center number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * 0
Suburban - industrial type number of hours 228 108 47 22 12 11 1 0 1 0
Šoštanj number of hours 228 108 47 22 12 11 1 0 1 0
Rural/Industrial type number of hours 110 128 97 71 5 2 1 2 0 1
- Zavodnje number of hours 45 23 1 9 1 0 0 2 0 1
- Kovk number of hours 26 288 278 94 3 1 0 1 0 0
- Vnajnarje number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 np 0 0
Veliki Vrh number of hours 269 246 90 56 28 9 6 0 0 3
Graška Gora number of hours 34 7 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0
Ravenska vas number of hours 249 193 139 205 1 0 1 1 1 3
Dobovec number of hours 149 139 168 129 3 3 0 7 0 2
Rural/Agricultural type number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of hours 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * *
permitted exceedance number of hours 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
2012
Urban background number of hours 0
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of hours 0
Hrastnik number of hours 0
Velenje number of hours 0
Celje number of hours 0
Nova Gorica number of hours *
Suburban background number of hours 0
Trbovlje number of hours 0
Škale number of hours 0
Rural background number of hours 0
Kum number of hours 0
Urban-traffic type number of hours 0
- Maribor center number of hours 0
Suburban - industrial type number of hours 2
Šoštanj number of hours 2
Rural/Industrial type number of hours 1
- Zavodnje number of hours 0
- Kovk number of hours 3
- Vnajnarje number of hours 0
Veliki Vrh number of hours 4
Graška Gora number of hours 0
Ravenska vas number of hours 0
Dobovec number of hours 0
Rural/Agricultural type number of hours *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of hours *
permitted exceedance number of hours 24
Figure ZR05-2: No. of days with exceeded 24-houly limit value of SO2 (125 μg/m3) (not to be exceede more than 3 times a calendar year)
Sources:

Air quality monitoring database (DMKZ), Slovenian Environment Agency; Air quality monitoring database of Thermal power plant Šoštanj, Trbovlje and TE-TO Ljubljana, Insitute Milan Vidmar, 2013.

Note to table ZR5-2: * measurements are canceled, np=no data

Show data
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Urban background number of days 36 23 6 4 1 3 0 1 1 0
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of days 38 28 2 3 1 1 1 0 0 0
Hrastnik number of days 50 28 4 4 3 4 0 2 1 1
Velenje number of days 4 1 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0
Celje number of days 50 36 18 8 0 4 0 0 2 0
Nova Gorica number of days np np np np np np np np np np
Suburban background number of days 44 42 19 11 4 5 5 5 2 1
Trbovlje number of days 59 53 25 21 7 8 4 3 1 2
Škale number of days np np np np np np 6 7 1 0
Rural background number of days 1 0 0 2 1 6 0 1 1 2
Kum number of days 1 0 0 2 1 6 0 1 1 2
Urban-traffic type number of days 42 28 15 7 3 0 3 2 2 2
- Maribor center number of days 22 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Suburban - industrial type number of days 41 37 25 14 22 17 34 30 44 52
Šoštanj number of days 41 37 25 14 22 17 34 30 44 52
Rural/Industrial type number of days 31 29 32 22 19 37 39 32 26 18
- Zavodnje number of days 37 29 34 11 13 26 28 27 18 2
- Kovk number of days 36 55 71 47 19 65 48 53 49 38
- Vnajnarje number of days np 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Veliki Vrh number of days 63 45 37 26 32 28 47 67 41 32
Graška Gora number of days 27 32 46 14 13 13 18 17 23 1
Ravenska vas number of days 14 11 16 33 29 80 90 35 30 29
Dobovec number of days 10 33 19 20 24 47 42 25 22 21
Rural/Agricultural type number of days np np np np np np np np np np
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of days np np np np np np np np np np
permitted exceedance number of days 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Urban background number of days 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hrastnik number of days 5 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Velenje number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Celje number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Gorica number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * *
Suburban background number of days 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trbovlje number of days 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Škale number of days 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rural background number of days np np 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kum number of days np np 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Urban-traffic type number of days 1 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
- Maribor center number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * 0
Suburban - industrial type number of days 29 9 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Šoštanj number of days 29 9 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Rural/Industrial type number of days 19 18 14 11 0 0 0 0 0 0
- Zavodnje number of days 9 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
- Kovk number of days 6 39 50 21 0 0 0 0 0 0
- Vnajnarje number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 np 0 0
Veliki Vrh number of days 44 21 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
Graška Gora number of days 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ravenska vas number of days 55 47 23 35 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dobovec number of days 16 15 18 13 1 1 0 0 0 0
Rural/Agricultural type number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of days 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * * *
permitted exceedance number of days 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2012
Urban background number of days 0
Ljubljana Bežigrad number of days 0
Hrastnik number of days 0
Velenje number of days 0
Celje number of days 0
Nova Gorica number of days *
Suburban background number of days 0
Trbovlje number of days 0
Škale number of days 0
Rural background number of days 0
Kum number of days 0
Urban-traffic type number of days 0
- Maribor center number of days 0
Suburban - industrial type number of days 0
Šoštanj number of days 0
Rural/Industrial type number of days 0
- Zavodnje number of days 0
- Kovk number of days 0
- Vnajnarje number of days 0
Veliki Vrh number of days 0
Graška Gora number of days 0
Ravenska vas number of days 0
Dobovec number of days 0
Rural/Agricultural type number of days *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan number of days *
permitted exceedance number of days 3
Figure ZR05-3: Average annual concentration of SO2 and exceedances of critical annual level for the protection of vegetation (20 μg/m3)
Sources:

Air quality monitoring database (DMKZ), Slovenian Environment Agency; Air quality monitoring database of Thermal power plant Šoštanj, Trbovlje and TE-TO Ljubljana, Insitute Milan Vidmar, 2013.

Note: Critical annual value of SO2 for the protection of vegetation should be considered at non-urban monitoring sites like Murska Sobota – Rakičan, Iskrba, Veliki Vrh, Zavodnje, Graška Gora, Kovk, Dobovec, Kum, Ravenska vas, Vnajnarje.

Note to table ZR5-3: * measurements are canceled, np=no data

Show data
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Urban background µg/m3 44 42 32 22 23 25 21 16 14 12
Ljubljana Bežigrad µg/m3 38 45 33 21 33 34 27 15 10 11
Hrastnik µg/m3 62 51 32 29 24 27 25 21 23 17
Velenje µg/m3 19 19 12 6 10 11 10 10 7 5
Celje µg/m3 57 54 49 32 24 27 23 19 17 15
Nova Gorica µg/m3 np np np np np np np np np np
Suburban background µg/m3 62 61 41 34 29 29 26 19 18 12
Trbovlje µg/m3 69 71 49 48 37 40 32 23 18 14
Škale µg/m3 np np np np np np np 16 19 10
Rural background µg/m3 17 13 11 13 18 25 16 14 10 18
Iskrba µg/m3 np np np np np np np np np np
Kum µg/m3 17 13 11 13 18 25 16 14 10 18
Urban-traffic type µg/m3 59 51 39 35 29 27 23 19 16 14
- Maribor center µg/m3 47 42 30 28 24 23 18 17 13 10
Suburban - industrial type µg/m3 49 48 38 29 34 29 44 42 52 51
Šoštanj µg/m3 49 48 38 29 34 29 44 42 52 51
Rural/Industrial type µg/m3 53 47 46 41 38 53 50 45 37 32
- Zavodnje µg/m3 51 44 46 26 33 42 43 42 31 21
- Kovk µg/m3 73 59 70 58 35 76 55 57 53 40
- Vnajnarje µg/m3 np np np np 19 19 18 14 6 7
Veliki Vrh µg/m3 71 54 49 49 57 53 63 72 56 52
Graška Gora µg/m3 39 42 47 27 28 36 32 32 34 15
Ravenska vas µg/m3 56 34 34 50 51 82 82 57 45 51
Dobovec µg/m3 30 50 29 36 41 66 54 41 35 39
Rural/Agricultural type µg/m3 np np np np np np np np np np
Murska Sobota - Rakičan µg/m3 np np np np np np np np np np
annual critical conc. for vegetation protection µg/m3 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Urban background µg/m3 11 9 9 7 6 5 5 4 4 4
Ljubljana Bežigrad µg/m3 9 11 8 5 4 3 2 4 2 3
Hrastnik µg/m3 22 8 15 10 9 6 5 4 4 5
Velenje µg/m3 8 8 6 4 5 3 4 2 2 3
Celje µg/m3 10 10 11 9 7 5 5 5 6 6
Nova Gorica µg/m3 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 4 * *
Suburban background µg/m3 15 15 8 9 5 3 3 4 3 6
Trbovlje µg/m3 15 16 9 15 7 3 2 5 3 7
Škale µg/m3 14 12 8 8 3 3 4 5 4 7
Rural background µg/m3 4 6 3 4 5 3 5 3
Iskrba µg/m3 np np np np 1 1 1 1 1 1
Kum µg/m3 4 6 4 7 9 5 8 4
Urban-traffic type µg/m3 12 15 14 10 6 4 3 5 8 5
- Maribor center µg/m3 8 9 8 8 5 3 2 5 * 3
Suburban - industrial type µg/m3 43 24 13 11 8 9 6 4 7 5
Šoštanj µg/m3 43 24 13 11 8 9 6 4 7 5
Rural/Industrial type µg/m3 32 31 30 22 10 8 7 6 6 6
- Zavodnje µg/m3 23 15 8 12 8 6 3 6 6 4
- Kovk µg/m3 10 52 61 30 12 9 12 8 8 11
- Vnajnarje µg/m3 8 10 np 8 4 4 3 np 3 3
Veliki Vrh µg/m3 56 45 30 33 20 14 8 5 6 6
Graška Gora µg/m3 21 10 6 6 6 5 4 3 2 2
Ravenska vas µg/m3 67 59 43 42 17 14 9 8 9 11
Dobovec µg/m3 40 28 31 23 6 7 8 6 6 8
Rural/Agricultural type µg/m3 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 np * *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan µg/m3 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 np * *
annual critical conc. for vegetation protection µg/m3 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
2012
Urban background µg/m3 6
Ljubljana Bežigrad µg/m3 6
Hrastnik µg/m3 5
Velenje µg/m3 4
Celje µg/m3 7
Nova Gorica µg/m3 *
Suburban background µg/m3 5
Trbovlje µg/m3 6
Škale µg/m3 7
Rural background µg/m3 4
Iskrba µg/m3 1
Kum µg/m3 6
Urban-traffic type µg/m3 3
- Maribor center µg/m3 4
Suburban - industrial type µg/m3 7
Šoštanj µg/m3 7
Rural/Industrial type µg/m3 6
- Zavodnje µg/m3 4
- Kovk µg/m3 10
- Vnajnarje µg/m3 3
Veliki Vrh µg/m3 7
Graška Gora µg/m3 2
Ravenska vas µg/m3 9
Dobovec µg/m3 7
Rural/Agricultural type µg/m3 *
Murska Sobota - Rakičan µg/m3 *
annual critical conc. for vegetation protection µg/m3 20

Goals

Methodology

Last modified
12.13.2013
Author(s)

Tanja Koleša, Dijana Nježić, Slovenian Environment Agency;