KAZALCI OKOLJA

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Emissions of total ozone precursors decreased by 52 % in the period 1990 to 2016. Emissions of nitrogen oxides decreased by 48 %, carbon monoxide by 64 %, non-methane volatile organic compounds by 52 % and methane by 14 %. The reason is mainly the introduction of more stringent emission standards for motor vehicles. This measure contributed to a significant reduction in emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide from road transport which is the main source of ozone precursors. Emissions of nitrogen oxides and non-methane volatile organic compounds were in 2016 below the prescribed target values, which must not be exceeded from 2010 onwards.


This indicator shows the dynamics of emissions of gases causing the formation of ground-level ozone in the period 1990–2016 and the structure of emissions of particular gases by pollution source.

An ozone precursor is a substance that contributes to the formation of ground-level (tropospheric) ozone. Ozone precursors include nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC).

Total emissions of substances causing the formation of ground-level ozone are expressed as the sum of emissions of the four pollutants multiplied by corresponding factors of ground-level ozone formation. Emissions are given in NMVOC equivalents.


Charts

Figure ZR10-1: Emissions of ozone-precursors, 1990-2016
Sources: 

National database on air emissions, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2018

Show data

NOx [index (1990 = 100)]

CO [index (1990 = 100)]

NMVOC [index (1990 = 100)]

CH4 [index (1990 = 100)]

ozone precursors - total [index (1990 = 100)]

NOx target value [index (1990 = 100)]

NMVOC target value [index (1990 = 100)]

1990

100

100

100

100

100

1991

91.87

93.43

95.83

96.58

93.54

1992

93.02

89.90

93.87

98.47

92.79

1993

97.99

94.21

94.70

95.27

96.16

1994

102.08

91.47

96.80

95.38

98.31

1995

100.61

90.87

96.54

96.54

97.44

1996

104.26

93.54

101.99

94.81

101.49

1997

102.55

84.24

96.08

94.62

96.99

1998

92.93

72.12

88.48

96.21

87.69

1999

83.69

64.68

83.23

96.20

80.21

2000

83.01

59.60

80.81

99.58

78.18

2001

82.83

57.99

76.88

98.70

76.45

2002

82.09

56.05

77.50

102.45

75.99

2003

78.51

54.82

75.94

100.81

73.54

2004

76.15

50.47

72.40

100.11

70.43

2005

77.84

49.01

67.45

99.44

69.27

2006

78.35

45.82

67.50

98.21

68.94

2007

76.04

43.30

64.66

98.91

66.43

2008

81.67

41.62

62.52

94.43

68.01

2009

70.49

42.64

59.80

91.34

61.98

2010

68.55

42.89

57.97

90.24

60.48

2011

67.46

41.74

54.24

89.86

58.48

2012

65.31

40.67

51.44

87.88

56.30

2013

62.59

40.36

49.45

85.57

54.27

2014

55.94

34.55

46.72

81.48

49.13

2015

50.29

35.11

47.19

84.04

46.75

2016

51.51

35.95

47.74

85.59

47.68

target 2010

62.31

62.28

Figure ZR10-2: Structure of ozone precursor emissions, by substances, Slovenia, 2016
Sources: 

National database on air emissions, Slovenian Environment Agency, 2018

Show data

NOx [%]

NMVOC [%]

CO [%]

CH4 [%]

2016

50.79

13.54

34.32

1.34

Figure ZR10-3: Structure of ozone precursor emissions, by sector, Slovenia, 2016
Sources: 
Show data

Energy industries [%]

Manufacturing industries and construction [%]

Road transport [%]

Small combustion [%]

Fugitive emissions from fuels [%]

Industrial processes and product use [%]

Other transport [%]

Agriculture [%]

Waste [%]

ozone precursors

5.81

7.28

30.58

22.02

1.73

11.57

8.05

12.35

0.62

NOx

10.84

8.61

50.13

9.40

0.00

0.29

10.99

9.69

0.06

NMVOC

0.46

6.78

8.12

23.99

4.55

30.38

5.47

19.44

0.80

CO

1.03

4.27

17.17

65.83

0.00

7.32

4.38

0

0.00

CH4

0.13

0.23

0.27

7.26

12.45

0

0.00

56.37

23.29

Figure ZR10-4: Emissions of ozone-precursors, EU-28 countries, 2016 [in kg/capita]
Sources: 
EMEP database (CEIP), Eurostat (2018)
; EEA Greenhouse gas data viewer, European Environment Agency (2018)
; EUROSTAT (2018)
Show data

emissions per capita [kg/capita]

Luxembourg

67.54

Estonia

58.24

Ireland

55.25

Finland

51.99

Latvia

49.31

Czech Republic

48.10

Lithuania

47.87

Denmark

47.72

Poland

47.31

Austria

44.64

Slovenia

43.25

Greece

41.01

Croatia

38.09

Portugal

37.99

Bulgaria

37.64

Spain

37.21

Sweden

36.85

EU-28

36.16

Germany

34.95

Italy

34.84

Belgium

34.79

Cyprus

34.60

Hungary

34.35

United Kingdom

32.46

Slovakia

32.12

Romania

31.21

Netherlands

30.63

France

29.37

Malta

20.89


Goals

To reduce total national emissions of nitrogen oxides to 45,000 tonnes, sulphur dioxide to 27,000 tonnes, NMVOC to 40,000 tonnes and ammonia to 20,000 tonnes by 2010 as required by the Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone (Gothenburg Protocol) to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) and Directive 2001/81/EC on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants (NEC Directive). National emission ceilings should also not have been exceeded since 2010. The revised Gothenburg Protocol and NEC Directive additionally prescribe the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides by 39%, sulphur oxides by 63%, non-methane volatile organic compounds by 23%, ammonia by 1% and PM2.5 particles by 25% by 2020 compared to emissions in 2005.


Other sources and literature

  1. Informative Inventory Report 2018 for Slovenia, Agencija RS za okolje, marec 2018
  2. Slovenia's National Inventory Report 2018 Agencija RS za okolje, april 2018
  3. Direktiva (EU) 2016/2284 o zmanjšanju nacionalnih emisij za nekatera (direktiva NEC)
  4. Uredba o nacionalnih zgornjih mejah emisij onesnaževal zunanjega zraka
  5. Resolucija o nacionalnem programu varstva okolja 2005-2012
  6. Zakon o ratifikaciji protokola o zmanjševanju zakisljevanja, evtrofikacije in prizemnega ozona h konvenciji iz leta 1979 o onesnaževanju zraka na velike razdalje preko meja
  7. The 1999 Gothenburg Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone
  8. Uredba o nacionalnih zgornjih mejah emisij onesnaževal zunanjega zraka
  9. Resolucija o nacionalnem programu varstva okolja 2005-2012
  10. Emissions of ozone precursors, Indicator Assessment, CSI 002, Published 27 Jun 2014, Evropska okoljska agencija, 2014
  11. Emissions of air pollutants from transport, TERM 0003, Indicator Assessment, published Dec 2017, Evropska okoljska agencija
  12. de Leeuw, F.A.A.M. (2002), supported by the European topic centre on air and climate change, under contract to the European Environment Agency, A set of emission indicators for long-range transboundary air pollution, Environmental Science & Policy, 5, 135-145
  13. Uredba o vrsti dejavnosti in naprav, ki lahko povzročajo onesnaževanje okolja večjega obsega