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[KM08] Areas of land with organic farming
Key message
The response of agricultural holdings to the agricultural policy and favourable market opportunities, which support the spreading of organic farming has been growing every year. The area intended for organic farming has increased in the period 1999–2020 from 2,400 ha to 52,078 ha, or from 0.5% to 10.8% of the total utilised agricultural area. The structure of agricultural land with organic farming is strongly dominated by grassland (80% in 2020), which shows that livestock farms more frequently convert to organic farming.
Definition
This indicator shows the area of land included in the organic farming and its share in the total utilized agricultural area in Slovenia. It covers all areas included in the control of organic farming, i.e. those areas where organic farming has already been carried out, and the areas in the process of converting to organic farming. The indicator does not provide direct information on the environmental efficiency of the measure but points to the state of and response of the agricultural holdings to the agricultural policy and changing social trends that support such production.
The indicator shows the agricultural area (in ha) in organic farming and its share in the total utilized agricultural area, the structure of organic farming by type of agricultural land use, the share of organic farming by the Slovenian municipalities and comparison of the extent of the organic farming in Slovenia with the other EU Member countries.
Charts
SORS, 2021
Organic farming area, total [ha] | Permanent grassland [ha] | Arable land [ha] | Of which vegetables and strawberries [ha] | Permanent crops [ha] | of which Orchards [ha] | Vineyards [ha] | Olive growes [ha] | Utilised agricultural area (UAA), total [ha] | Share of organic farming area in total UAA [%] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 2400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 498591 | 0.50 |
2000 | 5446 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 508960 | 1.10 |
2001 | 10828 | 10000 | 721 | 41 | 107 | 55 | 52 | 0 | 509624 | 2.10 |
2002 | 13828 | 12800 | 908 | 58 | 120 | 65 | 55 | 0 | 505462 | 2.70 |
2003 | 20018 | 18500 | 1368 | 68 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 0 | 509709 | 3.90 |
2004 | 23018.93 | 20908 | 1721.74 | 81.77 | 389.19 | 335.62 | 49.09 | 4.48 | 490520 | 4.70 |
2005 | 23169.14 | 21669.79 | 1066 | 141.57 | 433.35 | 359.57 | 67.22 | 6.56 | 508759 | 4.60 |
2006 | 26830.70 | 24458.25 | 1683.85 | 96.49 | 688.60 | 536.19 | 125.02 | 27.39 | 490318 | 5.50 |
2007 | 29322.02 | 25796.49 | 2651.89 | 107.80 | 873.64 | 668.64 | 184 | 21 | 498466 | 5.90 |
2008 | 29836.41 | 26309.02 | 2608.18 | 101.22 | 919.21 | 712.31 | 190.68 | 16.22 | 492424 | 6.10 |
2009 | 29388.42 | 25432.39 | 2922.50 | 124.20 | 1033.53 | 780.28 | 203.30 | 49.95 | 468496 | 6.30 |
2010 | 30688.52 | 26189.72 | 3329.69 | 122.39 | 1169.11 | 793.14 | 296.94 | 76.60 | 482653 | 6.40 |
2011 | 32148.74 | 27531.13 | 3383.65 | 151.07 | 1233.96 | 855.10 | 287.24 | 91.62 | 458195 | 7 |
2012 | 35100.67 | 29814.13 | 3787.22 | 183.56 | 1499.32 | 988.37 | 324.10 | 184.53 | 479653 | 7.30 |
2013 | 38664.49 | 32527.06 | 4383.45 | 232.60 | 1753.98 | 1144.31 | 401.34 | 208.33 | 478888 | 8.10 |
2014 | 41237.21 | 34595.80 | 4731.66 | 214.42 | 1909.75 | 1260.08 | 421.81 | 226.17 | 482218.40 | 8.60 |
2015 | 42188.49 | 34653.27 | 5359.09 | 281 | 2176.13 | 1466.10 | 495.16 | 214.11 | 476862 | 8.80 |
2016 | 43578.76 | 35494.22 | 5700.48 | 267.01 | 2384.06 | 1607.95 | 536.06 | 240.05 | 477671 | 9.10 |
2017 | 46222.35 | 37606.65 | 5942.30 | 227.09 | 2673.40 | 1869.74 | 561.11 | 242.55 | 481415 | 9.60 |
2018 | 47848.28 | 38700.45 | 6270.03 | 245.24 | 2877.80 | 1962.10 | 657.04 | 258.66 | 477296 | 10 |
2019 | 49638.28 | 40027.51 | 6520.37 | 307.53 | 3090.40 | 2106.09 | 705.79 | 278.27 | 479822 | 10.35 |
2020 | 52078.47 | 41903.26 | 6894.89 | 319.03 | 3280 | 2231.99 | 766.42 | 281.35 | 483863 | 10.76 |
SORS, 2021
Permanent grassland [%] | Arable land [%] | Permanent crops [%] | Permanent grassland [ha] | Arable land [ha] | Permanent crops [ha] | Organic farming area, total [ha] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | 92.35 | 6.66 | 0.99 | 10000 | 721 | 107 | 10828 |
2002 | 92.57 | 6.57 | 0.87 | 12800 | 908 | 120 | 13828 |
2003 | 92.42 | 6.83 | 0.75 | 18500 | 1368 | 150 | 20018 |
2004 | 90.83 | 7.48 | 1.69 | 20908 | 1721.74 | 389.19 | 23018.93 |
2005 | 93.53 | 4.60 | 1.87 | 21669.79 | 1066 | 433.35 | 23169.14 |
2006 | 91.16 | 6.28 | 2.57 | 24458.25 | 1683.85 | 688.60 | 26830.70 |
2007 | 87.98 | 9.04 | 2.98 | 25796.49 | 2651.89 | 873.64 | 29322.02 |
2008 | 88.18 | 8.74 | 3.08 | 26309.02 | 2608.18 | 919.21 | 29836.41 |
2009 | 86.54 | 9.94 | 3.52 | 25432.39 | 2922.50 | 1033.53 | 29388.42 |
2010 | 85.34 | 10.85 | 3.81 | 26189.72 | 3329.69 | 1169.11 | 30688.52 |
2011 | 85.64 | 10.52 | 3.84 | 27531.13 | 3383.65 | 1233.96 | 32148.74 |
2012 | 84.94 | 10.79 | 4.27 | 29814.13 | 3787.22 | 1499.32 | 35100.67 |
2013 | 84.13 | 11.34 | 4.54 | 32527.06 | 4383.45 | 1753.98 | 38664.49 |
2014 | 83.89 | 11.47 | 4.63 | 34595.80 | 4731.66 | 1909.75 | 41237.21 |
2015 | 82.14 | 12.70 | 5.16 | 34653.27 | 5359.09 | 2176.13 | 42188.49 |
2016 | 81.45 | 13.08 | 5.47 | 35494.22 | 5700.48 | 2384.06 | 43578.76 |
2017 | 81.36 | 12.86 | 5.78 | 37606.65 | 5942.30 | 2673.40 | 46222.35 |
2018 | 80.88 | 13.10 | 6.01 | 38700.45 | 6270.03 | 2877.80 | 47848.28 |
2019 | 80.64 | 13.14 | 6.23 | 40027.51 | 6520.37 | 3090.40 | 49638.28 |
2020 | 80.46 | 13.24 | 6.30 | 41903.26 | 6894.89 | 3280.32 | 52078.47 |
Eurostat, 2021
2005[%] | 2009[%] | 2010[%] | 2012[%] | 2013[%] | 2014[%] | 2015[%] | 2016[%] | 2017[%] | 2018[%] | 2019[%] | 2005[ha] | 2009[ha] | 2010[ha] | 2012[ha] | 2013[ha] | 2014[ha] | 2015[ha] | 2016[ha] | 2017[ha] | 2018[ha] | 2019[ha] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malta | 0.10 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.32 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.21 | 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.47 | 14 | 26 | 24 | 37 | 7 | 34 | 30 | 24 | 41 | 47 | 55 |
Ireland | 0.80 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.16 | 1.20 | 1.16 | 1.65 | 1.72 | 1.66 | 2.63 | 1.63 | 34912 | 47864 | 47864 | 52793 | 53812 | 51871 | 73037 | 76701 | 74336 | 118699 | 73952 |
Bulgaria | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.50 | 0.76 | 1.13 | 0.96 | 2.37 | 3.20 | 2.72 | 2.56 | 2.34 | 0 | 12321 | 25648 | 39138 | 56287 | 47914 | 118552 | 160620 | 136618 | 128839 | 117779 |
United Kingdom | 3.50 | 4.20 | 4.10 | 3.41 | 3.24 | 3.02 | 2.89 | 2.82 | 2.85 | 2.64 | 2.62 | 608952 | 721726 | 699638 | 590011 | 558718 | 521475 | 495929 | 490205 | 497742 | 457378 | 459275 |
Romania | 0.70 | 1.20 | 1.30 | 2.10 | 2.06 | 2.09 | 1.77 | 1.67 | 1.93 | 2.43 | 2.86 | 0 | 168288 | 182706 | 288261 | 286896 | 289252 | 245924 | 226309 | 258471 | 326260 | 395228 |
Poland | 1 | 2.30 | 3.30 | 4.51 | 4.65 | 4.56 | 4.03 | 3.72 | 3.41 | 3.33 | 3.49 | 161511 | 367062 | 521970 | 655499 | 669863 | 657902 | 580731 | 536579 | 494978 | 484676 | 507637 |
Netherlands | 2.50 | 2.60 | 2.50 | 2.61 | 2.65 | 2.67 | 2.67 | 3.03 | 3.31 | 3.50 | 3.75 | 48765 | 49330 | 46233 | 48038 | 48936 | 49159 | 49273 | 54350 | 59209 | 63809 | 68068 |
Luxembourg | 2.40 | 2.70 | 2.80 | 3.14 | 3.39 | 3.43 | 3.21 | 3.47 | 4.15 | 4.39 | 4.42 | 3158 | 3614 | 3614 | 4130 | 4447 | 4490 | 4216 | 4528 | 5444 | 5782 | 5814 |
Cyprus | 1 | 2.60 | 2.80 | 3.38 | 4.03 | 3.63 | 3.72 | 4.94 | 4.61 | 4.55 | 4.98 | 1698 | 3184 | 3184 | 3923 | 4315 | 3887 | 4699 | 5550 | 5616 | 6022 | 6240 |
Hungary | 2.20 | 2.40 | 2.40 | 2.45 | 2.45 | 2.34 | 2.43 | 3.48 | 3.73 | 3.92 | 5.71 | 128576 | 140292 | 127605 | 130607 | 130990 | 124841 | 129735 | 186322 | 199683 | 209382 | 303190 |
Belgium | 1.70 | 3 | 3.60 | 4.48 | 4.67 | 5 | 5.17 | 5.80 | 6.28 | 6.56 | 6.85 | 22994 | 41459 | 49005 | 59718 | 62471 | 66704 | 68818 | 78452 | 83508 | 89025 | 93119 |
Croatia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.40 | 3.13 | 4.03 | 4.94 | 6.05 | 6.46 | 6.94 | 7.19 | 0 | 14069 | 15913 | 31904 | 40660 | 50054 | 75883 | 93593 | 96618 | 103166 | 108127 |
France | 1.90 | 1.90 | 2.90 | 3.55 | 3.66 | 3.87 | 4.54 | 5.29 | 5.99 | 7.01 | 7.72 | 550488 | 677513 | 845442 | 1030881 | 1060755 | 1118845 | 1322911 | 1537351 | 1744420 | 2034115 | 2240797 |
Germany | 4.70 | 5.60 | 5.90 | 5.76 | 6.04 | 6.18 | 6.34 | 6.82 | 6.82 | 7.34 | 7.75 | 807406 | 947115 | 990702 | 959832 | 1008926 | 1033807 | 1060291 | 1135941 | 1138272 | 1221303 | 1290839 |
Lithuania | 2.30 | 4.80 | 5.20 | 5.51 | 5.74 | 5.57 | 7.11 | 7.50 | 7.98 | 8.13 | 8.14 | 64544 | 129055 | 143644 | 156539 | 165885 | 164390 | 213579 | 221665 | 234134 | 239691 | 242118 |
Portugal | 6.20 | 4.30 | 5.80 | 5.48 | 5.31 | 5.74 | 6.53 | 6.74 | 7.04 | 5.93 | 8.16 | 233458 | 157179 | 210981 | 200833 | 197295 | 212346 | 241375 | 245052 | 253786 | 213118 | 293213 |
Spain | 3.10 | 6.60 | 6.70 | 7.49 | 6.85 | 7.26 | 8.24 | 8.48 | 8.73 | 9.28 | 9.66 | 807569 | 1602871 | 1615047 | 1756548 | 1610129 | 1710475 | 1968570 | 2018802 | 2082173 | 2246475 | 2354916 |
Greece | 7.60 | 8.50 | 8.40 | 9.01 | 7.36 | 6.71 | 7.69 | 6.51 | 7.96 | 9.32 | 10.26 | 288737 | 326252 | 309823 | 462618 | 383606 | 362826 | 407069 | 342584 | 410140 | 492627 | 528752 |
Slovakia | 4.60 | 7.50 | 9.10 | 8.53 | 8.18 | 9.37 | 9.47 | 9.75 | 9.90 | 9.85 | 10.31 | 90206 | 145490 | 174471 | 164360 | 157848 | 180307 | 181882 | 187024 | 189148 | 188986 | 197565 |
Slovenia | 4.60 | 6.30 | 6.40 | 7.32 | 8.07 | 8.55 | 8.85 | 9.12 | 9.60 | 10.01 | 10.35 | 23499 | 29388 | 30689 | 35101 | 38664 | 41237 | 42188 | 43579 | 46222 | 47848 | 49638 |
Denmark | 4.90 | 5.90 | 6.10 | 7.31 | 6.44 | 6.25 | 6.33 | 7.81 | 8.60 | 9.75 | 10.87 | 134129 | 156433 | 162903 | 194706 | 169310 | 165773 | 166788 | 204950 | 226307 | 256711 | 285526 |
Finland | 6.50 | 7.20 | 7.40 | 8.65 | 9.07 | 9.29 | 9.91 | 10.47 | 11.41 | 13.09 | 13.48 | 147587 | 166172 | 169168 | 197751 | 204810 | 210649 | 225235 | 238240 | 259271 | 297442 | 306484 |
Latvia | 6.80 | 8.70 | 9.20 | 10.63 | 9.89 | 10.86 | 12.29 | 13.42 | 13.92 | 14.47 | 14.79 | 118612 | 160175 | 166320 | 195658 | 185752 | 203443 | 231608 | 259146 | 268870 | 280383 | 289796 |
Italy | 7.30 | 8.10 | 8.60 | 9.30 | 10.60 | 10.91 | 11.79 | 13.99 | 14.67 | 15.17 | 15.16 | 1069462 | 1106683 | 1113742 | 1167362 | 1317177 | 1387913 | 1492571 | 1796333 | 1908570 | 1957937 | 1993225 |
Czechia | 7.10 | 10.60 | 12.40 | 13.29 | 13.47 | 13.44 | 13.68 | 14 | 14.09 | 14.76 | 15.19 | 254982 | 376923 | 435610 | 468670 | 474231 | 472663 | 478033 | 488591 | 496277 | 519910 | 535185 |
Sweden | 7 | 12.80 | 14.30 | 15.76 | 16.50 | 16.53 | 17.14 | 18.30 | 19.16 | 20.29 | 20.43 | 222738 | 391524 | 438693 | 477684 | 500996 | 501831 | 518983 | 552695 | 576845 | 608754 | 613964 |
Estonia | 7.20 | 11 | 12.80 | 14.86 | 15.65 | 15.96 | 15.68 | 18.02 | 20.01 | 20.98 | 22.33 | 59741 | 102305 | 121569 | 142065 | 151164 | 155560 | 155806 | 180852 | 196441 | 206590 | 220737 |
Austria | 16.70 | 18.50 | 19.50 | 18.62 | 18.40 | 19.35 | 20.30 | 21.25 | 23.37 | 24.08 | 25.33 | 479216 | 518172 | 538210 | 533230 | 526689 | 525521 | 552141 | 571423 | 620656 | 639097 | 671703 |
EU | 3.80 | 4.70 | 5.10 | 5.64 | 5.70 | 5.78 | 6.20 | 6.68 | 7.03 | 7.50 | 7.92 | 6362954 | 8548416 | 9174505 | 10047896 | 10070639 | 10315169 | 11105856 | 11935317 | 12560788 | 13438168 | 14252939 |
Goals
- To include 64,000 ha of utilised agricultural area into organic farming by 2013;
- To include 20% of utilised agricultural area into organic farming by 2015;
- To include 55,000 ha of utilised agricultural area in organic farming by 2020;
- To include 55,000 ha of utilised agricultural area in organic farming by 2023.
Comment
Organic farming is a special form of sustainable management of natural resources in line with the principles of raising the quality of food, improving the animal welfare, preserving biodiversity, reducing environmental pollution and of the sustainable rural development. The use of synthetic plant protection products and easily soluble mineral fertilisers, growth regulators and hormones, genetically modified organisms, etc. is not allowed on areas intended for organic farming. Since 2001, organic farming is regulated by organic farming legislation (Ur. l. RS, št. 72/18, popr. 17/19).
In Slovenia, the organic farming started to spread in the late 1990s and in 1999, the farmers had the chance to claim support for this type of production for the first time. In 2001, support for the organic farming was included in the Slovenian agri-environmental program, which after the EU accession in 2004 became a part of the Rural Development Programme of the Republic of Slovenia. Increasing market opportunities (increased demand for organic food) and stimulative institutional environment, have contributed to the increased growth of the share of agricultural holdings and agricultural areas engaged in organic farming.
In 1999, the control of organic farming included 2,400 ha or 0.5% of the total utilised agricultural area. By 2020, the organic farming was extended to 52,078 ha or 10.8% of the total utilised agricultural area. The organic farming area expanded primarily as a consequence of the inclusion of permanent meadows and pastures, while the organic farming on arable land, gardens, and land with permanent crops expanded as well. The share of permanent meadows and pastures in the structure of the agricultural land with organic farming has been decreasing constantly (92% in 2001, 85% in 2010, 82% in 2015 and 80% in 2020), but permanent meadows and pastures continue to be the prevailing form of the organic farming (followed by arable land with 13% and permanent orchards with 6% share in 2020) This is also reflected in the spatial distribution of the organic farming. Most areas with organic farming relative to the total utilised agricultural area are located in areas where extensive grassland prevails (karst areas of the Primorska, Notranjska and Kočevska regions, mountainous and highland parts of the Koroška region), while in the lowland areas, they are located where natural conditions allow for the intensive farming and more diverse production (north-eastern Slovenia, the Novo mesto Basin and the Posavje region, northern part of the Ljubljana Basin). Consequently, the predominant crop from organic permanent grassland is hay (102 thousand tonnes in 2020) (SORS, 2021). According to the set goal of the Rural Development Programme of the Republic of Slovenia to include 55,000 ha of the utilised agricultural area in organic farming by 2023, we estimate that the current trend of converting to organic farming is good. Assuming the average converting to organic farming of the last few years, it is expected that the goal will be reached by the end of 2023.
Organic farming has been spreading in the EU as well. In 2019, the areas under the organic farming (or converting to it) in the EU countries have been carried out in 14.3 million ha, which represents 7.9% of the total utilised agricultural area (3.6% in 2005, 5.1% in 2010, 6.2% in 2015 and 7.9% in 2019). The highest shares of organic farming are in Austria (25.3% in 2019), Estonia (22.3%) and Sweden (20.4%). By the share of organic farming, Slovenia ranks in the upper third of the EU (in 2019 ranked 9th). The highest share of land with organic farming in the EU are in Spain (17.1%, France (16.2%), Italy (14.5%), and Germany (9.4%). These countries combined cultivate more than half of all land with organic farming in the EU. In the structure of the organic farming on the EU level, the most prevalent is organic farming on the arable land (45.8%) and permanent meadows and pastures (42.9%), followed by permanent crops (11.3%).
Methodology
Organic farming statistics (Statistics Explained). 2021. Eurostat.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/pdfscache/5461.pdf (15. 3. 2021)
Pravilnik o ekološki pridelavi in predelavi kmetijskih pridelkov oziroma živil. 2018. Uradni list RS, št. 72/18, in 17/19 – popr. http://www.pisrs.si/Pis.web/pregledPredpisa?id=PRAV13168 (15. 3. 2021)
SURS. 2021. Pridelava ekoloških rastlinskih pridelkov po pomembnejših skupinah kmetijskih kultur, Slovenija, letno.
https://pxweb.stat.si/SiStatData/pxweb/sl/Data/-/1561905S.px/table/tableViewLayout2/ (15. 3. 2021)
