Frequency of groundwater drought is increasing in recent decades in alluvial aquifers. 8 out of 10 years with highest intensity of groundwater drought in period 1981-2023 occurred after year 2000. Groundwater droughts with higher intensity is characteristic for winter while milder groundwater droughts mostly occur at the beginning of autumn. Groundwater drought intensity is also increasing seasonally with time between June and September when groundwater use is pronounced.

The vast majority of registered personal vehicles are still powered by conventional fuels (petrol and diesel). The proportion of vehicles with alternative propulsion systems has doubled from 2019 to 2022, yet it remains very small.

The trend of decreasing energy consumption in households between 2010 and 2022 indicates a positive attitude of the population towards efficient energy use. However, since 2017, a negative trend has been observed, particularly in households' awareness of their own energy consumption and in their consideration of more efficient use. With three-quarters of households in 2022 rating their energy consumption as medium to very high, a significant potential for reducing energy consumption in this sector is suggested.

Final energy consumption in buildings amounted to 1,600 ktoe in 2021 and was lagging behind the indicative annual target from the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Compared to the previous year, it increased by 4%, and compared to 2005, it decreased by 17%. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in buildings amounted to 1,021 kt CO₂ eq. in 2021, thus the indicative annual target from NECP was achieved.

In 2022, energy efficient district heating (DH) systems, i.e. systems that meet one of the criteria defined in Article 50 of the Act on Energy Efficiency, produced almost 87% of all heat in DO systems, which is the highest value in the observed period. The total share of heat from renewable energy sources (RES) and waste heat amounted to almost 21% in 2022. It increased by 2 percentage points compared to the previous year, and by 5 percentage points compared to 2016. It was 1.5 percentage point higher than the 2022 indicative target value, set according to the Renewable energy directive.