KAZALCI OKOLJA

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Bad

Between 1980 and 2019, extreme events related to climate change in the EEA Member States resulted in an economic loss of EUR 446 billion. Climate extremes are becoming more common. Without further action, even greater economic damage is expected in the future. It is also increasing in Slovenia. The difference between the period 1980-2015 and 1980-2019 is as much as € 0.35 million. With a purpose of adaptation, the EU has adopted a climate strategy aimed at building resilience and ensuring that Europe is well prepared to manage risks and adapt to the effects of climate change.

Bad

Temperature in Slovenia is increasing faster than global average. Increase in the annual average temperature is most evident in the last three decades. Warming of the atmosphere will continue according to the climate change projections. The result of warming is an increase in sea level (due to melting of glaciers and thermal expansion), increase in level of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (contributes to warming), and many extreme weather and climate events (like floods, droughts, hail and heavy wind), which will influence the quality of our lives.

Bad

The quick rate of retreat of the Triglav Glacier, which began in the second half of the 20thcentury, further accelerated till the beginning of the 21st century. Due to increasing intensity of ice thinning, outcropping rocks began to emerge in the middle of the glacier, which disintegrated into two parts in 1992. In the last part of the first decade of the 21st century, the glacier has been retreating at a slower rate. The last major recession of the glacier was registered after the above average hot summer of 2003.

Neutral

Annual growing season length is increasing almost everywhere in Europe, mostly in Eastern and Northern part. In Slovenia, the length of the annual growing season is increasing, especially since mid-1990s. According to projections, duration of the annual growing season throughout Europe will increase in future.

Bad

Temperature observations show increasing trend of maximum and minimum absolute temperature in between 1961 and 2020, reflecting a global warming. Number of hot days is increasing, including the frequency of extreme hot days with daily maximum temperature above 35 °C. Number of days with temperature below zero show a decline.

Bad

Trends in annual precipitation are not as obvious as temperature trends. Changes between years and regions are significant. According to the climate change projections, annual precipitation will slightly increase while changes in seasonal precipitation will be noticeable. The most worrying are summer conditions, because less precipitation and higher temperature might result in higher frequency of droughts. In winter, more precipitation may lead to an increase in flooding events.

Bad

Precipitation is highly variable in space and time, even more than temperature (storms and hail). In the last two decades, Slovenia is observing catastrophic droughts and abundant precipitation resulting in floods, sometimes drought and floods occur even within the same year. The maximum snow cover depth and the depth of fresh snow decreased in the period 1961-2011

Neutral

Comparison of periods 1961-1990 and 1991-2020 on the chosen representative stations around Slovenia shows decrease of heating degree days by around 10 % and multiple increase of cooling degree days. With projected continuous temperature raise until the end of 21st century, those trends are expected to continue. Thus, in Slovenia, energy demand for cooling will increase in the warmer period of the year, while the energy demand for heating will decrease in colder period of the year. Same trend is projected for Europe in general.

Neutral

In the last decade, droughts have been slightly less intense than in the previous decade, and it is worrying that they occur most often during the growing season. Especially in the first trimester, we observe a decrease in the frequency and intensity of hydrological drought. In the period 1961–2020, the year 2003 stands out in terms of drought, which was dry in all quarters of the year. After 2000, the years 2007 and 2011 were more markedly dry.

Bad

Frequency and intensity of groundwater droughts is increasing in recent decades. 7 out of 10 years with highest annual intensity of phenomenon is classified in the period after year 2000. The highest intensity of groundwater drought was recorded in years 2012, 2002 and 2003. Regarding the duration of groundwater drought the period between years 2002 and 2004 stands out. Extreme groundwater drought most frequently occur in winter and spring while severe drought is most commonly observed in spring and summer.


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