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[ZD03] Population exposure to PM₁₀ concentrations in ambient air
Impacts

Key message
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In Slovenian larger cities, in 2021, 35% of children (0-14 years old) in larger cities were exposed to concentrations of 0-20 µg PM10/m3 and 65% of children (0-14 years) in larger cities were exposed to concentrations of 20-30 µg PM10/m3. In Europe, most children live in an environment where PM10 concentrations are below 26 µg/m3. It is a worrying fact that in Slovenia in 2018 about 2% of children were exposed to concentrations between 31 and 40 PM10/m3, and in 2019 as much as 53%, fortunately, concentrations decreased in 2021, so children were not exposed to concentrations above 30 µg PM10 / m3 that year. According to the latest data on hospital admissions of children, admissions due to respiratory diseases represent approximately 21 % of all admissions of children (NIJZ, 2020).

Charts

Figure ZD03-1: Exposure of children (0-14 years old) in Slovenia to exceeded PM₁₀ concentrations, from 2008 to 2021
Sources:

SURS, 2021; ARSO, 2021 (9. 08. 2022)

Note:

WHO recommended air quality level is 15 µg g/m3, the EU limit value is 40 µg/m3 of PM10

Show data
0-20 µg/m3[%] 21-30 µg/m3[%] 31-40 µg/m3[%] > 41 µg/m3[%]
2008 0 70 27 3
2009 0 85 15 0
2010 0 72 28 0
2011 0 36 64 0
2012 0 88 12 0
2013 7.50 91 1 0
2014 12 88 0 0
2015 0 90.50 9 0
2016 10 83 7 0
2017 8 92 0 0
2018 17 81 2 0
2019 0 47.13 52.87 0
2020 0 100 0 0
2021 35 65 0 0
Figure ZD03-2: Share of hospitalized children (from 0 to 14 years old) due to respiratory diseases, Slovenia, administrative unit of birth, 2009-2021
Sources:

NIJZ (National Institute for Public Health), SURS (Statistical Office of RS) (2022)

Show data
Ljubljana - children admitted to hospital[No.] Maribor - children admitted to hospital[No.] Celje - children admitted to hospital[No.] Murska Sobota - children admitted to hospital[No.] Nova Gorica - children admitted to hospital[No.] Trbovlje - children admitted to hospital[No.] Zagorje ob Savi - children admitted to hospital[No.] Ljubljana - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Maribor - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Celje - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Murska Sobota - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Nova Gorica - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Trbovlje - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Zagorje ob Savi - children in the municipality (1.7.)[No.] Ljubljana[%] Maribor[%] Celje[%] Murska Sobota[%] Nova Gorica[%] Trbovlje[%] Zagorje ob Savi[%]
2009 1333 669 512 419 308 88 80 46482 17476 8527 7514 7630 2022 2448 2.87 3.83 6.00 5.58 4.04 4.35 3.27
2010 1516 722 490 376 338 70 97 47814 17641 8628 7444 7757 2035 2451 3.17 4.09 5.68 5.05 4.36 3.44 3.96
2011 1378 572 409 377 381 73 74 48909 17821 8692 7357 7831 1997 2461 2.82 3.21 4.71 5.12 4.87 3.66 3.01
2012 1545 521 389 294 333 66 63 49976 17966 8818 7344 7964 1991 2488 3.09 2.90 4.41 4.00 4.18 3.31 2.53
2013 1585 631 445 332 403 69 86 51197 18129 8941 7325 8070 1998 2466 3.10 3.48 4.98 4.53 4.99 3.45 3.49
2014 1694 576 428 384 602 89 105 52327 18520 9121 7293 8131 2017 2462 3.24 3.11 4.69 5.27 7.40 4.41 4.26
2015 1295 466 387 329 500 81 92 52838 18671 9201 7290 8146 2042 2460 2.45 2.50 4.21 4.51 6.14 3.97 3.74
2016 1366 508 343 291 462 83 92 53568 18823 9302 7243 8190 2038 2476 2.55 2.70 3.69 4.02 5.64 4.07 3.72
2017 1264 526 358 315 365 89 94 54303 19205 9418 7244 8256 2041 2467 2.33 2.74 3.80 4.35 4.42 4.36 3.81
2018 1330 482 327 305 335 75 85 55218 19588 9460 7226 8281 2055 2487 2.41 2.46 3.46 4.22 4.05 3.65 3.42
2019 1208 463 276 367 427 66 114 55825 20047 9538 7189 8395 2096 2502 2.16 2.31 2.89 5.11 5.09 3.15 4.56
2020 782 236 155 175 205 47 61 55947 20182 9418 7142 8367 2122 2499 1.40 1.17 1.65 2.45 2.45 2.21 2.44
2021 950 238 218 182 225 54 37 55345 20190 9413 7064 8366 2109 2525 1.70 1.20 2.30 2.60 2.70 2.60 1.50
Figure ZD03-3: The population weighted annual mean concentration of particulate matter (PM₁₀) at urban background stations in agglomerations, EU, 2019
Sources:

European Environment Agency (EEA), 2021 (11. 10. 2021)

Show data
2019[No]
Belgium 20.40
Bulgaria 37.30
Czechia 23.90
Denmark 15.50
Germany 17.50
Estonia 10.50
Ireland 11.50
Greece 0
Spain 21.90
France 19.10
Croatia 35.10
Italy 29.20
Cyprus 29.20
Latvia 17.20
Lithuania 22.80
Luxembourg 20.30
Hungary 26.50
Malta 0
Netherlands 19.20
Austria 19.20
Poland 32.20
Portugal 18.30
Romania 26.60
Slovenia 24.80
Slovakia 24.20
Finland 10
Sweden 11.80
EU (27 countries - from 2020) 22.50
EU (28 countries) 21.60
Figure ZD03-4: Urban population exposed to PM₁₀ concentrations exceeding the daily limit value (50 µg/m3 on more than 35 days in a year), 2017-2019
Sources:

European Environment Agency (EEA), 2020 (27. 08. 2020)

Show data
  2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
EU 27 21,5 14,92 19,94 17,05 11,61
Belgium 0 0 0 0 0
Bulgaria 77,76 86,22 77,59 65,35 59,94
Czechia 18,67 11,9 31,12 26,84 3,17
Denmark 0 0 0 0 0
Germany 0,26 0,05 0,06 0 0
Estonia 0 0 0 0 0
Ireland 0 0 0 0 0
Greece 4,21 28,64   3,09 3,09
Spain 7,04 1,7 1,32 0,06 1,9
France 1,14 0,17 0,39 0,23 0,22
Croatia 85,46 99,08 99,08 99,08 95,04
Italy 57,94 44,04 49,28 34,37 37,9
Cyprus 6,09 6,09 0 6,09 0
Latvia 3,78 3,78 3,78 3,78 3,78
Lithuania 1,9 1,9 0 3,32 1,13
Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0
Hungary 27,24 2,49 58,88 53,22 2,27
Malta 100 100 100 100 100
Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0
Austria 2,3 2,09 3,77 0,33 0
Poland 80,63 58,7 70,09 82,34 36,42
Portugal 0,64 0 0,89 0 0
Romania 54,37 0 21,55 3,8 10,4
Slovenia 97,98 100 4,81 0 0
Slovakia 5,63 0,65 40,2 2,4 1,53
Finland 0 0 0 0 0
Sweden 0 0 0,16 0,17 0
United Kingdom 0 0 0 0 0
Iceland   0 0 0 0
Norway 0 0,05 0 0 0
Switzerland 0 0 0 0 0
Figure ZD03-5: Path of the particles through the respiratory tract
Sources:

CEHAP, 2004 (27. 08. 2020)

Methodology

Date of data source summarization
Last modified
10.08.2022
Author(s)

Simona Perčič, Peter Otorepec and Katarina Bitenc; National Institute of Public Health